The country stands at a crossroads, with opportunities to reshape its energy sector and ensure a sustainable future for its citizens. One of the most pressing challenges that the government must address is the unchecked proliferation of illegal three-wheelers vehicles that are not only consuming a significant portion of the nation's energy but are also contributing to environmental degradation and public health issues.

Bangladesh is home to an estimated 3-4 million electric three-wheelers, including EZ bikes, mishuks, and e-rickshaws. These vehicles collectively transport over 112 million people daily, playing a crucial role in the country's transportation ecosystem. However, their rapid and largely unregulated growth has come at a significant cost. It is estimated that these electric three-wheelers account for over 5% of the country's total electricity consumption, a staggering figure for a developing nation with already strained energy resources. In 2022 alone, the market for batteries powering these vehicles reached approximately Tk 87 billion (USD 871 million). Despite their widespread use, these vehicles operate in a regulatory grey area, often evading proper oversight. This lack of regulation has led to inefficient energy use, poor-quality battery recycling practices, and significant environmental and health risks.

The energy consumption of these three-wheelers is a critical issue that demands immediate attention. Each EZ Bike, for instance, uses batteries that contain 125 kg of lead, 15 times more than a standard car battery. This massive lead usage results in the generation of 167,000 tonnes of lead waste annually, much of which is recycled informally. The informal recycling process is not only inefficient but also poses severe health risks, with research indicating that over 20% of Bangladesh's population lives within 5 km of these informal smelting sites.

The environmental and health implications are dire. Lead pollution has been linked to a 6% increase in terminated pregnancies among those living near these sites. Additionally, two-thirds of Bangladeshi children-approximately 36 million-have been found to have dangerously high levels of lead in their blood, which can lead to irreversible cognitive damage, hindering their education and future earning potential. Given the significant impact of these three-wheelers on Bangladesh's energy sector and public health, it is imperative that the interim government takes swift action to regulate this industry. The first step should be to bring these vehicles under the purview of formal regulation, ensuring that they operate within the bounds of the law. This would not only help in optimizing energy consumption but also reduce the environmental and health risks associated with informal battery recycling.

Implementing strict battery standards and reducing import tariffs on high-quality batteries could be crucial steps in this direction. The current scenario, where a set of EZ Bike batteries costs over Tk 72,000 (USD 650) but lasts only 8-11 months, is unsustainable. This short battery life leads to a high recycling rate and increased lead pollution, further exacerbating the problem. The government must also consider the economic implications of unregulated three-wheelers. With only 30% of used lead-acid batteries being recycled formally, the government loses an estimated USD 91 million in tax revenue annually. This is a substantial amount that could be reinvested into the country's energy sector to support more sustainable practices. The new Bangladesh, under the stewardship of the interim government, has the opportunity to make significant strides in the energy sector. By focusing on the regulation of illegal three-wheelers, the government can reduce energy consumption, mitigate environmental and health risks, and boost economic growth. The energy sector is the backbone of any modern economy, and it is crucial that Bangladesh prioritizes this area as it seeks to build a sustainable and prosperous future.

The interim government's commitment to change is evident, and the people of Bangladesh are eager to see the promises of reform materialize. By addressing the challenges posed by the illegal three-wheeler industry, the government can demonstrate its dedication to the well-being of its citizens and the sustainability of its resources. Now is the time for decisive action, and with the right policies in place, Bangladesh can set an example for other developing nations facing similar challenges. The regulation of illegal three-wheelers is not just a matter of legal compliance; it is a critical issue that affects the energy efficiency, environmental health, and economic stability of Bangladesh. The new interim government has the mandate and the opportunity to address this issue head-on, ensuring that the energy sector becomes a pillar of sustainable development for the nation. As Bangladesh looks to the future, the regulation of these vehicles will be a key step in realizing the country's potential and securing a brighter, cleaner, and more prosperous tomorrow.

News Link: It’s time to stop three-wheeler energy consumption